—utilised for a purpose term ahead of an appropriate noun to differentiate the situation on the referent from the normal, former, or hypothetical issueIn the International Phonetic Alphabet, ⟨a⟩ is used for the open front unrounded vowel, ⟨ä⟩ is utilized for the open up central unrounded vowel, and ⟨ɑ⟩ is useful for the open up back